Which Happened First?

Massina Empire

Massina Empire — Image: Fula jihad states map general c1830.png: T L Miles (talk · contribs) Ghana reich karte-es.svg: rowanwindwhistler (talk · contribs) derivative work: rowanwindwhistler (talk) · CC0 · source

The Caliphate of Hamdullahi was an early 19th-century Sunni Muslim caliphate in West Africa centered in the Inner Niger Delta of what is now the Mopti and Ségou Regions of Mali. It was founded by Seku Amadu in 1818 during the Fulani jihads after defeating the Bambara Empire and its allies at the Battle of Noukouma.

Summary from Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0) · Dates from Wikidata (CC0)

Which happened first?

Massina Empire and Gran Colombia began in the same year
Massina Empire began 1 year after Second Saudi State
Massina Empire began 1 year before Muscat and Oman
Massina Empire began 1 year before Trucial States
Massina Empire began 1 year before Kingdom of Spain (1820-1823)

Timeline

Second Saudi State1818 – January 24, 1891
Gran Colombia1819–1831
Massina Empire (this page)1819–1862
Kingdom of Spain (1820-1823)March 8, 1820 – August 31, 1823
Muscat and Oman1820–1970
Trucial StatesJanuary 8, 1820 – December 2, 1971

Related

Play a round with World History · 19th century